How to Play Manille



Manille (also called Manillen) is a four player card game played in certain areas of France and Belgium. The game is derived from the older Spanish game Mallila (with that game described in the variants section below). Manille uses a reduced 32 card Piquet pack. This deck can be created from a standard 52 card deck, by removing all cards lower than rank 7. This ranking of these cards, as used for this game, is the following (from highest to lowest); 10, Ace, King, Queen, Jack, 9, 8, 7.

As mentioned, Manille is designed for play by four players. These players are thus divided into two teams of two players each. Determination of partnerships is usually performed with a draw of cards from the shuffled the deck. Using this method each player would thus draw a card from the shuffled deck. If multiple players draw cards of the same rank, these players should discard the cards drawn and draw a new card, continuing this until drawing a unique card not drawn by any other player. The two players drawing the highest ranked cards form one partnership, with their opponents set as the players drawing the two lowest ranked cards. Each player should sit directly across the table from his partner.

To determine the first dealer, the deck is placed in a face-down pile in the center of the table and each player takes a small packet from the deck. The players then look at the bottom card of the packet drawn. The player who shows the highest such card on the bottom of the packet is set as the first dealer. After each hand, the role of dealer rotates around the table in a clockwise direction.

The dealer then shuffles the cards and offers the deck to the player at his right to cut. After the cut he then begins distributing the cards around the table in a clockwise direction, starting with the player at his immediate left. He first deals a three card packet to each player, then a two card packet and then a last three card packet, such that each player receives a total of 8 face-down cards.

Point values for cards in Manille After the cards have been dealt, the players, except for the partner of the dealer, pick up their hands for examination. The dealer's partner may later, after the dealer has selected a trump suit pick up his cards also, for review. The reason for this rule, is to prevent any signaling amongst the dealer and his partner regarding the preferred choice of a trump suit for the hand. Thus, after examination of his hand, the dealer selects a trump suit to be used for the hand, declaring this aloud. He may select any of the four suits (spades, hearts, diamonds, clubs) or may also select to play the hand at no trump (no special trump suit to be used for that hand).

If the dealer selects to play the hand at No Trump, all points scored during this hand are doubled (for either team). The dealer also has the option of declaring "blind no trump", but must declare this before picking up his hand from the table for review. This call indicates the hand will be played at no trump, and all scores will be quadrupled at the end of the hand (multiplied by four).

After the dealer has selected his trump suit for the hand, either member of the opposing team has the opportunity, if they prefer, to increase the point value during the hand, by calling "I go along". This automatically doubles the scoring value for this hand. In response to this double, either member of the dealer's team may declare "I go against", which further doubles all scoring for the current hand.

The player to the immediate left of the dealer leads the first card to the first trick. Each other player, in a clockwise rotation then plays one card of choice to that same trick.

The leader to a trick can play any card of choice still remaining in the hand to start the trick. There are several specific rules for plays to an existing trick, as follows:
The winner of each trick should set the won cards aside and out of play in a face-down pile, later to be consulted during the scoring for the hand. The winner of each trick has the privilege of leading the first card to the next trick.

The hand continues until all eight tricks have been played and won. Each team then combines the cards both members of that team have managed to win in tricks during the hand, and calculates their score for the hand. Certain cards in the deck have a scoring value as per the following chart:
CardScoring Value
10 (Manille)5 Points Each
Ace4 Points Each
King3 Points Each
Queen2 Points Each
Jack1 Point Each
9, 8, 70 Points Each
           Point values for cards in Manille
Whichever team manages to capture more total card points earns a score for the hand. This score is equal to the difference of the total points captured during the hand and 30. The opposing team scores 0 points for the hand. If one team manages to win every trick during the hand, that team earns 60 points for that hand (or more if the score is to be doubled). If both teams score exactly 30 points on the hand, neither team scores anything on that hand, however all scoring on the next hand will be doubled. These points earned by the winning team are added to a cumulative total maintained for the game. This total won may be modified by any possible doubling or quadrupling of the hand based on circumstances or calls by the players.

The first team to reach 101 points or more is then the winner of the game (called a boam, which translates to "tree").

                     

Variations and Optional Rules

Auction Manille: Auction Manille is a variant of Manille which includes the feature of a simple auction. Auction Manille can be played by three to seven players, each playing independently. Auction Manille uses the same 32 card deck as is used for the standard game.

During the deal the number of cards dealt is directly dependent on the number of current players. The following charts shows the number of cards dealt to each player, and the number of remaining cards, which are placed in the center of the table as a widow hand.

Point values for cards in Manille           
Number of PlayersCards Dealt to Each PlayerCards Dealt to Table
395 - Two dealt face-up and three dealt face-down
474 - Two dealt face-up and two dealt face-down
562 - One dealt face-up and one dealt face-down
652 - One dealt face-up and one dealt face-down
744 - Two dealt face-up and two dealt face-down

After the cards have been dealt, and each player has the opportunity to examine his hand, a round of bidding occurs. The bidding starts with the player to the immediate left of the dealer and proceeds in a clockwise rotation around the table. A player's bid is the number of points that player is contracting to win if he is provided the privilege of setting the trump suit for the hand. Each bid must be higher than any previous bid, or a player may elect to call "pass". If a player passes, however, he may not, in that same hand, make any further bids. Once ever player but one has passed, the bidding ends, with the player making the highest bid set as the bidder for that hand.

The high bidder may then exchange cards from the widow hand in the center of the table. He first discards a number of cards for his hand (up to the number of cards that were dealt to the center of the table on that hand) and then takes an equal number of cards from the cards on the table. He may take both the face-up and face-down cards, but may not look at the face-down cards until he takes them into his hand (if he elects to exchange for these cards).

After this exchange of cards with the widow hand, the high bidder than names a trump suit to be used for the hand. He can name one of the four suits, or alternatively call No trump, indicating no trump suit will be used for the hand.

If the high bid was for 60 (which is the highest achievable bid), the high bidder is entitled to lead the first card to the first trick. For any high bid lower than 60, the player to the immediate left of the dealer leads the first card to the first trick.

Play of the hand is identical to that in standard Manille, with the same requirements and restrictions regarding cards played to a trick. Once every trick in the hand has been played and won, the high bidder calculates the number of points he had earned for cards captured in tricks during that hand. If he manages to capture at least as many points as his bid, he earns the amount of his bid added to his current cumulative score. If he fails to capture at least as many points as bid, he must instead subtract that amount from his current ongoing score (negative scores are possible).

After a set number of hands (such as 10 or 20), the player with the highest score is declared the game winner.

Blind Manille: Blind Manille is a silly but nonetheless entertaining variant of Manille in which a player holds his cards such that his opponents can see them but he cannot. Thus the rules for Blind Manille are identical to the standard variant with the following differences: Other than these differences, which make for a distinctly different play experience, the rules for Blind Manille are the same as the standard game described above.

Three Player Manille: A three-handed variant of Manille is also sometimes encountered. This variation is thus designed for play by three players, each playing independently. It uses the same 32 card deck as in standard Manille. The three player version is played similarly to the more common four player variant, with the following differences:
In all other aspects this three player variation is played identically to the standard four player game.

Sample layout for Two-Player Manille Two Player Manille: A variant of Manille has also been developed for play by two participants. This variant uses the same 32 card deck as does the four player variant and features the same ranking of the cards as used in the deck as does the standard game, as well.

In the deal, each player is dealt a row of four face-down cards, in front of that player. After the four face-down cards, the dealer then deals four more cards face-up on top of each face-down card. Lastly, a hand of eight face-down cards is dealt to each player. The cards in the rows are left on the table (and the face-down cards in these rows are not known by either player until exposed during play), but the players can then pick up the cards from the hand.

Based on the cards in his hand, and the cards exposed on the table visible to the dealer, he selects his choice of a trump suit for the hand (or can elect a call of "no trump", indicating the hand will be played with no trump suit used). If the call is "no trump" all scoring for this hand will be doubled.

After the dealer's declaration of the trump suit for the hand, the opponent can, if they so choose, make a call of "I go along", indicating they prefer to double all scoring for the hand. The dealer can then, if they also choose, to call "I go against" indicating the scores will doubled again (thus quadrupled) for that hand.  After one or both players opts for any potential score increases, play of the hand can begin.

The opponent of the dealer leads the first card to the first trick and his opponent then adds one card to complete the trick. The play of cards to the trick is exactly the same as in the four player variant as described above. However, when considering the card to play to a trick, a player may only use cards from his hand, or cards that are currently face-up in that players layout. After each trick, any face-down cards that are no longer covered by face-up cards, are then turned over to make new face-up cards. Cards won in tricks are set aside in a face-down pile, out of play, near the player who won the trick. The winner of each trick leads the first card to the next trick.

Once all 16 tricks have been played and won, scores are computed for the hand. Other than the fact that each player is playing for himself, the scoring for the two-player variant is identical to that in the standard game. The game continues for any number of hands, until one player has reached or exceed a total of 101 points at the end of any hand at which point that player is declared the game winner.

Manilla: As mentioned, Manille appears to have descended from another Spanish game, called Manilla (also called Malilla). This earlier game, Manilla, is traditionally played using the 48 card Spanish suited deck. This deck consists of 12 cards in each of four suits; Swords, Glasses, Coins, and Clubs. Each of these suits consists of the following ranks of card: Ace, King, Horse (or Knight), Jack, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2. If such a deck is not at hand, the necessary deck can be created from a standard 52 card deck, by removing the four tens from the deck. The rank of the cards as used for this game would be (from highest to lowest): 9, Ace, King, Horse (Queen), Jack, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2.

As in Manille, the game is played by four players in two partnerships of two players each. Determination of partnerships is usually performed by a draw of cards. Each player draws a card from the shuffled deck. If multiple players draw cards of the same rank, these cards can be further ranked in order of suit (from high to low) as; diamonds, hearts, spades, clubs. The two players drawing the highest ranked cards form one partnership, with their opponents set as the players drawing the two lowest ranked cards. The player drawing the highest card of all has first choice of seats at the table and is set as the first dealer. This players partner sits directly opposite him at the table. The member of the opposing team drawing the highest card sits directly to the dealer's right. That players partner then sits directly across from that player. The role of dealer then rotates in a counter-clockwise direction around the table after each hand.

The designated dealer for the hand then shuffles the deck and offers it to the player at his left to cut. After the cut, the dealer then begins dealing the cards in a counter-clockwise direction around the table, starting with the player at his right. He deals the cards in small packets of four cards each, continuing around the table until each player has a total of 12 cards. The last card which is dealt to the dealer, is dealt face-up in front of that player to ensure all players can see the card. This card, and all other cards of the same suit are considered the trump suit for the hand. If this card is any of the point scoring cards (9, Ace, King, Knight, Jack) the dealer's partnership immediately adds the point value of this card to their current ongoing game score. After every player has had sufficient time to view the trump card, the dealer adds it into his hand.

Play of the hand begins with the player to the immediate right of the dealer who leads the first card to the first trick. Each other player, in a counter-clockwise direction then plays one card to the same trick.

Flowchart for play to a trick in Manilla
This flowchart shows the required and optional plays to a trick by a player in the card game Manilla
While the leader to any trick can play any card of choice still remaining in his hand, there are certain rules that pertain to playing to an existing trick, as follows:
The player of the highest card in the trump suit wins the trick. If the trick contains no cards from the trump suit it is instead won by the highest card in the suit originally led to that trick. Cards won in tricks are set aside, out of play for scoring at the end of the hand. The winner of each trick leads the first card to the next trick.

After all twelve tricks have been played and won, both members of each partnership combine the cards won in tricks, for scoring of the hand.

Each card in the deck has a scoring value, as captured in a trick. The following chart shows the scoring value for each of these cards:

CardScoring Value
95 Points Each
Ace4 Points Each
King3 Points Each
Knight (Queen)2 Points Each
Jack1 Point Each
8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2 (Blancas)0 Points Each

Winning all 12 tricks is known as Capote. Each team then calculated the number of card points earned from cards captured in tricks during the hand. In addition, each trick captured by a team, adds one additional point to this score. Whichever team scores the most points during the hand earns a number of cumulative points equal to the difference of the score earned on that hand and 36. If both teams score exactly 36 points on the hand, neither team scores any points on the hand. It should be noted that any points scored for a point scoring card exposed as the trump card are not calculated in this total, but are instead immediately added to the ongoing game score of the dealer's team. The only exception to this is if this card, if added to that teams score, would add enough to that score to allow that team to instantly win the current "hand". In that case, these points are kept in abeyance for that team if the team manages to score at least 36 points during the hand, at which time they are added to the score. However, if that team does not manage to earn at least 36 points, the points are not awarded to either team.

Once either team, over the course of one or more hands, manages to earn a game score of 40 or more accumulated points, that team is said to have won one "hand" (not to be confused with the more common definition of a hand which is one deal or round in a game). Once this occurs, the scores for both teams are reset to 0, and a new "hand" begun. The first team to win two such "hands" is declared the overall game session winner.

Two Player Manilla: A variant of Manilla is also sometimes played as designed for two players. Two player Manilla uses the same pack and card ranking as is used in four player Manilla.

Example layout for Two-Player Manilla In the two player game, each player is dealt a total of 24 cards. However, these cards are dealt to a sort of layout for each player. Each player is dealt six piles containing four cards each. The cards are all dealt face-down except the top card of each pile which is dealt face-down. These cards are the players' hands. However, only face-up cards are available for a player to play on his turn. The last, face-up card dealt to the dealer determines the trump suit to be used for this hand. If this card is any point-scoring card, the dealer adds these points to his current ongoing score.

The opponent of the dealer leads the first card to the first trick. The leader to a trick may play any card remaining in the hand. The opponent of the leader to the trick then also plays a card to the trick. There are a few rules that must be followed in playing to an existing trick: Each trick is won by the player of the highest card in the trump suit played to it. If the trick contains no cards in the trump suit, it is instead won by the player of the highest card in the suit originally led to that trick. Cards won in tricks are set aside, face-down near the player winning the trick. The leader of each trick leads the first card to the next trick. If the play of the face-up card which is currently on the top of a pile exposes another face-down card beneath it, this face-down card should be turned face-up, available for play in the next trick.

After every trick has been played from that hand, the players then review the cards won in tricks during the hand for scoring purposes. The scoring values for certain point scoring cards are the same as in the four player variant. In addition, each player counts the total number of cards won in tricks during the hand. Each player divides the total number of cards he has won during this hand by four. The result of this division will then be added to that players score. In addition, if the division also results in any remainder, one additional point is added to that player's score.

The scores are then compared. If both players managed to earn exactly 36 points during the hand, neither player scores for that hand. However, if one player manages to score over 36 points, that player adds to his current ongoing game score total a number of points equal to the difference of the number of points earned during the hand and 36.

The first player to score 40 or more cumulative points over the course of one or more hands is said to have won one "game". The scores are then reset to 0 and new hands are dealt. This continues until one player manages to win a total of two "games".

Botifarra: Botifarra is a trick taking game which is primarily played in the North Eastern portion of Spain. As with Manilla, it is traditionally played using the 48 card Spanish pack. This deck is comprised of 12 cards in each of the four suits of coins, swords, glasses and clubs. In each of these suits are the cards in the ranks of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, Jack, Horse, King. If such a Spanish pack is not at hand, it can be formed by removing all four tens from a standard 52 card international pack. The ranking of the cards as used for this game is as follows (from highest to lowest): 9, 1 (Ace), King, Horse (Queen), Jack, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2. Botifarra is designed for play by four players in two partnerships.

The usual method for determination of partnerships is through a draw of cards. Using this method each player thus draws one card from the shuffled deck. If multiple players draw cards of the same rank, these cards can be further ranked in order of suit (from high to low) as; diamonds, hearts, spades, clubs. The players drawing the two highest ranked cards form one partnership, with their opponents consisting of the two players drawing the lowest ranked cards. The player drawing the highest card of all has the first choice of seats at the table and is determined to be the first dealer. The partner of this player sits directly opposite him at the table. Whichever member of the opposing team drew the higher card of those players takes a seat directly to the right of the dealer. The partner of that player then takes a seat directly across from that player. After each hand, the role of dealer rotates in a counter-clockwise direction around the table.

After the players have been seated, the player to the right of the dealer on that hand shuffles the deck and passes the deck back to the dealer, who then passes it to the player at his left for the cut. After the cut, the cards are passed back to the dealer who then begins dealing the cards in a counter-clockwise direction around the table, starting with the player at his right. He deals the cards in packets of four face-down cards each, continuing around the table until each player has a total of 12 cards. After the cards have been dealt, the players then pick up their hand for examination.

After reviewing his hand, the dealer then announces the trump suit to be used for the hand. He names one of the four suits or may instead announce "Botifarra", indicating the hand will be played without a trump suit. However, the dealer may also defer his election of the trump suit to his partner. His partner then must select one of the four suits as trump for the hand or may announce Botifarra.

After the trump suit (or botifarra) has been announced for the hand, either member of the opposing partnership may call "Contrar" which is a call which will cause all scoring on the hand to be doubled. The player to the immediate left of the player announcing the trump suit has the first opportunity to call Contrar, and if that player opts not to, the privilege to call this is provided to that player's partner. If either of the opponents calls "Contrar", the members of the dealers team then have the opportunity to call "Recontrar". This is a call to double again all scoring for that hand. The player to the immediate left of the player calling "Contrar" has the first opportunity to Recontrar, and if he does not so call, his partner then has the option. If either of those players then called "Recontrar", the opponents of the dealer than have one more opportunity to double yet again, calling Sant Vicens, first the player to the left of the player who called Recontrar, and then that players opponent.

If should also be noted that a hand played using no trump suit (botifarra) is also automatically doubled. Thus, there are a total of three potential optional doubles alternating amongst the teams, and an automatic double if the hand is played with no trump suit.

After any and all doubling calls have been made, play of the hand can begin with player to the immediate right of the dealer leading the first card to the first trick. Each other player in a counter-clockwise direction then plays one card from their hand to that same trick.

Flowchart for play to a trick in Botifarra
Flowchart showing the potential plays for a player, after the initial lead, in the card game Botifarra
The leader to a trick can play any card still remaining in his hand. However, the rules for playing to an existing trick are somewhat rigid. The following rules must always be followed in playing cards to an existing trick: If each player has played one card to the trick, it is examined to determine which player has won it. The player of the highest card in the trump suit as found in the trick wins it. If the trick contains no cards in the trump suit for that hand (or the hand is played with no trump suit), the player of the highest card in the suit originally led to that trick wins it. The cards from the trick won should be set near one of the players from the partnership who won the trick, in a face-down pile. The winner of each trick leads the first card to the next trick.

After all the tricks have been played and won, each team then reviews the cards as won in tricks during that hand. Certain cards, as won in tricks, have a card point value for the team winning those cards, as per the following chart:
CardPoint Value
95 Points Each
Ace4 Points Each
King3 Points Each
Horse (Queen)2 Points Each
Jack1 Point Each
All other cards (called blancas) have a scoring value of 0. Each trick won by a team also scores one point for that team. Thus both teams add the total number of points earned during the hand by that team. If one of the teams earns more than 36 total points, that team earns a number of points equal to the difference between the number of points earned and 36. If both teams score exactly 36 points on the hand, neither team scores for the hand, and a new hand is dealt. This final number of points earned for the hand is then doubled one or more times, if the hand was played with no trump suit and/or a Contrar, Recontrar or Sant Vicens was announced.

The first team to manage to earn 101 points or more over the course of one or more hands is declared the game winner. It is very common to play a total of three games in a full game session, with each player playing as the partner of each other player for one game during that session.

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